Access to information is essential for effective democratic governance, particularly in sectors such as petroleum extraction. In Tanzania, although legislative initiatives including constitutional and legal guarantees seek to promote the right of access to information, numerous obstacles continue to impede its effective realisation within the petroleum sector. Article 18 of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania guarantees the right to acquire, seek, and disseminate information. The implementation of this article is supported by laws such as the Petroleum Act and the Access to Information Act, as well as regulations that promote transparency. However, the implementation of the above laws highlights significant obstacles, including unreasonable access limitations, discriminatory provisions, and broad exemptions that enable authorities to withhold essential information. The bureaucratic requirements for information requests are also cumbersome, deterring citizens' engagement. Additionally, conflicting regulations create confusion about information disclosure, particularly in relation to beneficial ownership and production-sharing agreements. To address these multifaceted challenges and advance the realisation of the right of access to information in Tanzania’s petroleum industry, this paper recommends harmonising legal frameworks, simplifying access procedures, establishing independent oversight mechanism, and broadening dissemination methods.