Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices have been growing globally, regionally, and in Tanzania as more enterprises adopt them. How effective CSR practices are in protecting human rights is questionable, despite the close link between CSR and Human Rights. This study critically investigated legal opportunities and challenges for CSR as a means to protect human rights in Tanzania through legal analysis. The findings show that several legal opportunities set a favourable environment for CSR to protect human rights, such as statutory recognition of CSR disclosure, environmental impact assessment, and remedies. However, the study found significant legal challenges that hinder CSR as a means for human rights protection, such as a lack of clear and comprehensive policy and legislation, capacity, and accountability mechanisms. The study argues that CSR as a mechanism is a work in progress towards effective human rights protection in Tanzania, and there is a need to adopt a clear and comprehensive policy and legislation.